Neurobiological theories

Based on discoveries made through neural mapping of the limbic system, the neurobiological explanation of human emotion is that emotion is a pleasant or unpleasant mental state

 

Many pleasurable experiences are associated with satisfying basic biological drives, such as eating, exercise or sex.

Biology, neurology, psychology

Pain and pleasure, in the broad sense of these words, are respectively the negative and positive affects, or hedonic tones, or valences that psychologists often identify as basic in our emotional lives.^[15] The evolutionary role of physical and mental suffering, through natural selection, is primordial: it warns of threats, motivates coping (fight or flight, escapism), and reinforces negatively certain behaviors (see punishment, aversives). Despite its initial disrupting nature, suffering contributes to the organization of meaning in an individual's world and psyche. In turn, meaning determines how individuals or societies experience and deal with suffering.

“where is the hunger, the pain we all feel when we cannot feed ourselves... (m42tijn)”

Hunger

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This article is about the social condition. For the physical sensation, see Hunger (motivational state). For other uses, see Hunger (disambiguation).

Hunger is the most commonly used term to describe the social condition of people who frequently experience the physical sensation of desiring food.

“fuck you! We all frequently desire food, that’s how McDonalds got so big. It aching for food, suffering old-school, hunger, pain. Not desire. Fool.(m42tijn)”

Historical views of pain

Two near contemporaries in the 18th and 19th centuries, Jeremy Bentham and the Marquis de Sade had very different views on these matters. Bentham saw pain and pleasure as objective phenomena, and defined utilitarianism on that principle. However the Marquis de Sade offered a wholly different view - which is that pain itself has an ethics, and that pursuit of pain, or imposing it, may be just as useful and just as pleasurable, and that this indeed is the purpose of the state - to indulge the desire to inflict pain in revenge, for instance, via the law (in his time most punishment was in fact the dealing out of pain). The 19th century view in Europe was that Bentham's view had to be promoted, de Sade's (which it found painful) suppressed so intensely that it - as de Sade predicted - became a pleasure in itself to indulge. The Victorian culture is often cited as the best example of this hypocrisy.

The philosopher Nietzsche experienced long bouts of illness and pain in his life, and wrote much about the meaning of pain as it relates to the meaning of life in general. Among his more famous quotes, are ones specifically related to pain:

"Did you ever say yes to a pleasure?

Oh my friends, then you also said yes to all pain.

All things are linked, entwined, in love with one another."

"What does not kill me, makes me stronger."

The most fit creature would be the one whose pains are well balanced. Those pains which mean certain death when ignored will become the most powerfully felt. The relative intensities of pain, then, may resemble the relative importance of that risk to our ancestors (lack of food, too much cold, or serious injuries are felt as agony, whereas minor damage is felt as mere discomfort).

The Seven Human Needs are:

1. The Need for Security
2. The Need for Excitement and Creativity
3. The Need for Individual Strength
4. The Need for Love and Relationships
5. The Need for Expression and Contribution
6. The Need for Wisdom and Growth
7. The Need for Spirituality

No food we need, nah…fools!

In the philosophy of consciousness, "sentience" can refer to the ability of any entity to have subjective perceptual experiences, or "qualia".^[1]

^{first quallia = hunger}

Eating is the ingestion of food to provide for all organism their nutritional needs, particularly for energy and growth. Animals and other heterotrophs must eat in order to survive: carnivores eat other animals, herbivores eat plants, omnivores consume a mixture of both plant and animal matter, and detritivores eat detritus. Fungi digest organic matter outside of their bodies as opposed to animals that digest their food inside their bodies. Eating is an activity of daily living.

Four Fs (evolution)

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This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (February 2009)

In evolutionary biology, people often speak of the four Fs which are said to be the four basic drives or mind states that animals (including humans) are evolutionarily adapted to be good at^{[citation needed]}: fighting, fleeing, feeding, and reproduction. The last of these is not literally an F word, of course, and is a tongue-in-cheek reference to fornication or "fucking".

‘Drives or mind states’… please elaborate. In fear I fight or flee, it’ll hurt when I don’t eat. Pleasure I find when I act to ensure survival. (42)